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Protein and Antibody Downstream Processing

This section covers the series of operations immediately following the cell culture, lysate or refold clarification process. The first of these unit operations is a capture where the product protein is typically bound to an affinity chromatography resin and then recovered by elution with a buffer solution. Once recovered, the protein solution is further purified and concentrated through filtration or additional chromatography steps until the final solution is ready for final fill operations.

The primary goals for successful protein processing are:

  • High product purity
  • High product quality (or activity)
  • Robustness (consistency from batch to batch)
  • High product yield
  • Controlled bioburden and endotoxin
  • Economical
Cartridge filtration is used for chromatography column and TFF protection and sterile filtration. Ultrafiltration (Tangential Flow Filtration) steps are used to reduce batch volumes and exchange buffers for efficient column operation or final formulation. Sequential capture, purification and polishing columns remove impurities to achieve specified product purity with high product recovery. Efficient process design maximizes the difference between product and impurity binding. More than one type of virus clearance step (inactivation, filtration) is required to ensure product safety in mammalian cell and transgenic expression systems.


Understanding the Options