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WB: Recombinant Histone H2B (Lane 1) and 10 mcg/ml acid-extracted proteins from sodium butyrate treated HeLa cells (Lane 2) were probed with anti-acet...
Anti-acetyl-Histone H2B (Lys12)
| Species Reactivity | Key Applications | Host | Format | Antibody Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| H | WB | Rabbit | Serum | Polyclonal Antibody |
Description:
Anti-acetyl-Histone H2B (Lys12)
Trade Name:
Upstate (Millipore)
Specificity:
Histone H2B acetylated on Lysine 12
Molecular Weight:
15kDa
Immunogen:
peptide APAPKAcKGSKKAITK corresponding to 7-20 amino acid of human Histone H2B member F.
Modifications:
Acetylation
Isotype:
IgG
Species Reactivity:
Human
Quality Assurance:
routinely evaluated by immunoblot on sodium butyrate treated, acid extracted proteins from HeLa cells
Purification Method:
Antiserum
Presentation:
antiserum containing 0.05% sodium azide and 30% glycerol
Storage Conditions:
2 years at -20°C
UniProt Number:
Entrez Gene Number:
Gene Symbol:
HIST3H2BB
Alternate Names:
- H2BK12Ac
- Histone H2B (acetyl K12)
Usage Statement:
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Key Applications:
Western Blotting
Entrez Gene Summary:
Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H2B family. Transcripts from this gene contain a palindromic termination element.
UniProt Summary:
FUNCTION: SwissProt: Q8N257 # Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
SIZE: 126 amino acids; 13908 Da
SUBUNIT: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.
PTM: Monoubiquitination of Lys-121 by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. & Phosphorylated on Ser-15 by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation. Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class- switch recombination.
SIMILARITY: SwissProt: Q8N257 ## Belongs to the histone H2B family.
SIZE: 126 amino acids; 13908 Da
SUBUNIT: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.
PTM: Monoubiquitination of Lys-121 by the RNF20/40 complex gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation. It also functions cooperatively with the FACT dimer to stimulate elongation by RNA polymerase II. & Phosphorylated on Ser-15 by STK4/MST1 during apoptosis; which facilitates apoptotic chromatin condensation. Also phosphorylated on Ser-15 in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), and in correlation with somatic hypermutation and immunoglobulin class- switch recombination.
SIMILARITY: SwissProt: Q8N257 ## Belongs to the histone H2B family.
Brand Family:
Upstate
Protein/Isoform Description:
"Histones are highly conserved proteins that serve as the structural scaffold for the organization of nuclear DNA into chromatin. The histones have an amino terminal tail, a globular domain, and a carboxy-terminal tail. The four core histones, H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assemble into the octamer (2 molecules of each). Subsequently, 146 base pairs of DNA are wrapped in a sequence-independent manner around the octamer, forming the basic subunit of chromatin, the nucleosome. The distance between nucleosomes varies from species to species but generally is between 180 and 200 base pairs for higher organisms. Histone H1, the most common form of linker histone, binds to nucleosomal DNA at the point from which the DNA exits the nucleosome, and is required for higher order packing of chromatin.
Histones are modified post-translationally by the actions of enzymes in both the nucleus and cytoplasm that deposit specific functional groups. These modifications help to regulate the processes that depend on DNA, such as transcription, DNA repair, recombination and replication. The most commonly studied and best understood modifications are acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and to a lesser extent ubiquitination. The modifications occur predominantly on the amino terminal tails that extend out beyond the nucleosome core particle, but certain modifications have also been identified on the C-terminal tails and globular domains of some histones. Acetylation occurs on the epsilon amino group of lysine residues of all four core histones, and increases in acetylation in are correlated strongly with increases in gene expression.
Indeed, many histone acetyltransfease enzymes (HATs) form the catalytic subunits of transcriptional activating protein complexes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) remove acetyl marks, antagonizing the activity of HATs and lead to decreases in transcription (see above). Phosphorylation occurs on serine residues in the amino termini of all four core histones and in multiple regions of H1. Phosphorylation of serines 10 and 28 of H3 occur during chromosome condensation in mitosis, and antibodies to these sites are excellent mitotic markers. H2B is phosphorylated at serines 14 and 32 in cells undergoing apoptosis, and the histone variant H2A.X is phosphorylated at serine 139 in response to DNA damage. Histone methylation has recently become a popular research topic, and occurs on both lysine and arginine residues. Arginine methylation appears to be associated predominantly with transcriptional activation, whereas two specific lysine methylation events on histone H3 are hallmarks of either active chromatin (euchromatin) or silenced chromatin (heterochromatin). Ubiquitination is the least understood of the histone modifications and occurs on the C-terminal tails of H2A and H2B, and in some cases is a necessary precursor to specific histone methylation events.
Using a technique known as chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), it is possible to analyze the variety of histone modifications present within a given promoter region or even an entire gene locus. Antibodies specific to the modification of interest are used to enrich for regions of chromatin (sheared to a manageable size and harvested from cells) that contain the modification, and various detection methods (Southern blot, PCR, microarray) are employed to detect specific DNA sequences within the enriched chromatin. This data is very useful in analyzing the involvement of a modification in specific biological processes."
Histones are modified post-translationally by the actions of enzymes in both the nucleus and cytoplasm that deposit specific functional groups. These modifications help to regulate the processes that depend on DNA, such as transcription, DNA repair, recombination and replication. The most commonly studied and best understood modifications are acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, and to a lesser extent ubiquitination. The modifications occur predominantly on the amino terminal tails that extend out beyond the nucleosome core particle, but certain modifications have also been identified on the C-terminal tails and globular domains of some histones. Acetylation occurs on the epsilon amino group of lysine residues of all four core histones, and increases in acetylation in are correlated strongly with increases in gene expression.
Indeed, many histone acetyltransfease enzymes (HATs) form the catalytic subunits of transcriptional activating protein complexes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) remove acetyl marks, antagonizing the activity of HATs and lead to decreases in transcription (see above). Phosphorylation occurs on serine residues in the amino termini of all four core histones and in multiple regions of H1. Phosphorylation of serines 10 and 28 of H3 occur during chromosome condensation in mitosis, and antibodies to these sites are excellent mitotic markers. H2B is phosphorylated at serines 14 and 32 in cells undergoing apoptosis, and the histone variant H2A.X is phosphorylated at serine 139 in response to DNA damage. Histone methylation has recently become a popular research topic, and occurs on both lysine and arginine residues. Arginine methylation appears to be associated predominantly with transcriptional activation, whereas two specific lysine methylation events on histone H3 are hallmarks of either active chromatin (euchromatin) or silenced chromatin (heterochromatin). Ubiquitination is the least understood of the histone modifications and occurs on the C-terminal tails of H2A and H2B, and in some cases is a necessary precursor to specific histone methylation events.
Using a technique known as chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), it is possible to analyze the variety of histone modifications present within a given promoter region or even an entire gene locus. Antibodies specific to the modification of interest are used to enrich for regions of chromatin (sheared to a manageable size and harvested from cells) that contain the modification, and various detection methods (Southern blot, PCR, microarray) are employed to detect specific DNA sequences within the enriched chromatin. This data is very useful in analyzing the involvement of a modification in specific biological processes."
Product Name:
Anti-acetyl-Histone H2B (Lys12)
Antibody Type:
Polyclonal Antibody
Qty/Pk:
200 µL
Format:
Serum
Host:
Rabbit