STAINING PROTOCOL:
These instructions are for 50 mL (enough for a single 12 x 12 cm2 membrane). Increase volumes with larger gels; it is not recommended to use volumes of less than 50 mL.
1. Dilute Reagent A: Fixer 10 fold by adding 5 mL of the fixer to 45 mL of deionized water. Place transfer membrane (nitrocellulose or PVDF) into a tray containing the diluted fixer. Incubate for 2-3 minutes with gentle shaking.
2. Dilute Reagent B: Developer 4 fold by adding 10 mL of the Developer to 30 mL deionized water. Transfer the membrane (nitrocellulose or PVDF) into the tray containing the diluted Developer. Incubate for 1 minute with gentle shaking.
3. Transfer the Developer tray into a refrigerator for protein bands to develop. Shaking at this stage is not recommended.
4. Incubate until protein bands can be detected and reach their desired intensity. The best results will be achieved if the membranes are developed in the cold, dark, and without shaking or disturbing them.
5. Protein bands will be visible within 10 minutes of incubation and reaches full intensity within 30 minutes. Developing time depends on the concentration of protein on the surface of the membrane. After staining, membrane may be left in developer for several days.
Background Staining: Background staining depends on the types of membrane used for protein transfer. Nitrocellulose gives the most clear and brilliant white background. Some brands of PVDF membranes may give higher background. Background staining can be removed by shaking the membrane 5-10 minutes in cold water (too much washing may de-stain the protein bands).
DESTAINING:
To de-stain, simply place the membrane in warm deionized water (40-50°C) and shake in bright light for 10 minutes or until stain disappears. Wash twice, 10 minutes each, with deionized water.