FUNCTION: Intercellular signal essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Binds to the patched (PTC) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (SMO), to activate the transcription of target genes. Implicated in endochondral ossification: may regulate the balance between growth and ossification of the developing bones. Induces the expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP).
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Indian hedgehog protein N-product: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Extracellular side (By similarity). Note=The N-terminal peptide remains associated with the cell surface (By similarity).
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Indian hedgehog protein C-product: Secreted, extracellular space (By similarity). Note=The C-terminal peptide diffuses from the cell (By similarity).
TISSUE SPECIFICITY: In the embryo, detected in the developing gut, the growth zone of cartilage of developing long bones, epithelium and urogenital sinus. In the adult kidney, found in proximal convoluted and proximal straight tubule.
DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Detected at 10 dpc in developing gut, at 14.5 days dpc in the cartilage primordium and in the developing urogenital sinus. Expression increases with gestional age in kidney and duodenum, becoming maximal in adulthood.
PTM: The C-terminal domain displays an autoproteolysis activity and a cholesterol transferase activity. Both activities result in the cleavage of the full-length protein and covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminal of the newly generated N-terminal fragment (N-product). The N-product is the active species in both local and long-range signaling, whereas the C-product has no signaling activity (By similarity).
PTM: Cholesterylation is required for N-product targeting to lipid rafts and multimerization (By similarity).
PTM: N-palmitoylation is required for N-product multimerization and full activity (By similarity).
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the hedgehog family.