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Ordering Information
- : TGFB-64K-03
- : 96-well plate
MILLIPLEX MAP TGFß 3-Plex
Description:
MILLIPLEX MAP TGFß 3-Plex
Trade Name:
MILLIPLEX
Qty/Pk:
96-well plate
Background Information:
The transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) system, a superfamily of cytokines as well as signaling pathways, is highly conserved throughout the animal kingdom. TGFβ functions in angiogenesis, wound healing and embryonic development, In addition this family plays a critical role in immunity, heart disease, and cancer. In its normal state TGFβ is one of the few classes of proteins able to inhibit cell growth by halting mitosis at the G1 state, inducing cell differentiation or apoptosis. However, during oncogenesis mutations in the TGFβ signaling pathway result in tumor cell resistance to the effects of normally functioning TGFβ, causing proliferation without regulation. Initial research suggests that VE-cadherin may enhance the mutated TGFβ signaling pathway, while other research indicates that DNA methylation plays a role in pathway mutation.
Secreted TGFβ cytokine exists in three isoforms: TGFβ1, TGFβ2 and TGFβ3. Secreted by most immune cells, TGFβ1 plays a critical role in controlling the immune system, acting on cells differently depending on cell type as well as stage of differentiation. TGFβ2, also know as glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor (G-TSF), plays a role in embryonic development and has the ability to suppress the effects of interleukin-dependent T-cell tumors. TGFβ3 regulates cellular adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix formation, as well as lung and palate development. TGFβ3 deficiency during mammalian development results in the cleft palate deformity. In addition TGFβ3 controls wound healing by regulating epidermal and dermal cell movement in injured skin.
TGFβ’s involvement in basic biological processes and the opposing roles that both the normal and mutated proteins play in tumor cell proliferation emphasizes the importance of this cytokine in a variety of research areas. Based on the Luminex xMAP platform, our MILLIPLEX MAP Multi-Species TGFβ1 Single Plex and TGFβ 3-plex kits have been optimized for performance and ease-of-use.
Secreted TGFβ cytokine exists in three isoforms: TGFβ1, TGFβ2 and TGFβ3. Secreted by most immune cells, TGFβ1 plays a critical role in controlling the immune system, acting on cells differently depending on cell type as well as stage of differentiation. TGFβ2, also know as glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor (G-TSF), plays a role in embryonic development and has the ability to suppress the effects of interleukin-dependent T-cell tumors. TGFβ3 regulates cellular adhesion molecules and extracellular matrix formation, as well as lung and palate development. TGFβ3 deficiency during mammalian development results in the cleft palate deformity. In addition TGFβ3 controls wound healing by regulating epidermal and dermal cell movement in injured skin.
TGFβ’s involvement in basic biological processes and the opposing roles that both the normal and mutated proteins play in tumor cell proliferation emphasizes the importance of this cytokine in a variety of research areas. Based on the Luminex xMAP platform, our MILLIPLEX MAP Multi-Species TGFβ1 Single Plex and TGFβ 3-plex kits have been optimized for performance and ease-of-use.
Key Applications:
Multiplexing
Application Notes:
•Because platelet granules containing TGFβ1, which is released upon platelet activation, collecting platelet-poor plasma samples is recommended.
•TGFβ is secreted in a latent or inactive form; therefore, serum, plasma and serum-containing culture samples require acid treatment before testing to remove the latency-associated peptide (LAP), releasing biologically active mature TGFβ.
•A 1:30 sample dilution is required for serum and plasma.
•This is an overnight assay requiring 25 µL of sample.
•TGFβ is secreted in a latent or inactive form; therefore, serum, plasma and serum-containing culture samples require acid treatment before testing to remove the latency-associated peptide (LAP), releasing biologically active mature TGFβ.
•A 1:30 sample dilution is required for serum and plasma.
•This is an overnight assay requiring 25 µL of sample.
Species Reactivity:
- Mouse
- Human
- Rat
- Pig
- Horse
- Rabbit
- Guinea Pig
- Hamster
Usage Statement:
Unless otherwise stated in our catalog or other company documentation accompanying the product(s), our products are intended for research use only and are not to be used for any other purpose, which includes but is not limited to, unauthorized commercial uses, in vitro diagnostic uses, ex vivo or in vivo therapeutic uses or any type of consumption or application to humans or animals.
Configuration:
Premixed
Linearity of Dilution:
Linear
Premixed or Single Plex:
Yes
Sensitivity:
6-12 pg/mL
Panel Type:
Cytokines/Chemokines
Storage Conditions:
Recommended storage for kit components is 2 - 8°C.
Precision, %:
- Intra-assay: 5
- Inter-assay: 9-13
Accuracy:
- TGF β1 83%
- TGF β2 105%
- TGF β3 46%
Detection Methods:
- Luminex xMAP
- Fluorescent
Array Type:
Antibody Arrays
Product Name:
MILLIPLEX MAP TGFß 3-Plex
Standard Curve Range:
9.8 - 10,000 pg/mL
Assay Panel:
Everything you need in a single kit.
Specificity:
• TGF-β1 and TGFβ3 cross-reactivity with other analytes in this panel is non-detectable or negligible. In this assay TGFβ2 demonstrates some cross-reactivity with TGFβ1 (< 5%) and TGF-β3 (< 3%).
• Human TGFβ1 may be used to detect TGFβ1 in rat, mouse, cynomolgous monkey, horse, rabbit, dog, cat, guinea pig, pig and hamster. However, the amount of species cross-reactivity has not been determined.
• Human TGFβ2 may be used to detect TGFβ2 in rat, mouse, cynomolgous monkey, horse, rabbit, dog, guinea pig, pig and hamster. However, the amount of species cross-reactivity has not been determined.
• TGFβ3 may not be detected in normal plasma and serum samples. Due to the involvement of all three isotypes in neonate development and lactation regulation, literature suggests detectable levels in milk.
• Human TGFβ1 may be used to detect TGFβ1 in rat, mouse, cynomolgous monkey, horse, rabbit, dog, cat, guinea pig, pig and hamster. However, the amount of species cross-reactivity has not been determined.
• Human TGFβ2 may be used to detect TGFβ2 in rat, mouse, cynomolgous monkey, horse, rabbit, dog, guinea pig, pig and hamster. However, the amount of species cross-reactivity has not been determined.
• TGFβ3 may not be detected in normal plasma and serum samples. Due to the involvement of all three isotypes in neonate development and lactation regulation, literature suggests detectable levels in milk.
Analytes Available:
TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3