FUNCTION: SwissProt: P00441 # Destroys radicals which are normally produced within the cells and which are toxic to biological systems.
COFACTOR: Binds 1 copper ion per subunit. & Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit.
SIZE: 154 amino acids; 15936 Da
SUBUNIT: Homodimer. The pathogenics variants ALS1 Arg-38, Arg-47, Arg-86 and Ala-94 interact with RNF19A, whereas wild-type protein does not.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm.
PTM: Unlike wild-type protein, the pathogenics variants ALS1 Arg- 38, Arg-47, Arg-86 and Ala-94 are polyubiquitinated by RNF19A; which leads to their proteasomal degradation.
DISEASE: SwissProt: P00441 # Defects in SOD1 are the cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 1 (ALS1) [MIM:105400]. ALS1 is a familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper and lower motor neurons and resulting in fatal paralysis. Sensory abnormalities are absent. Death usually occurs within 2 to 5 years. The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is likely to be multifactorial, involving both genetic and environmental factors. The disease is inherited in 5-10% of cases leading to familial forms.
SIMILARITY: SwissProt: P00441 ## Belongs to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase family.
MISCELLANEOUS: Zinc binding promotes dimerization.