FUNCTION: SwissProt: P35498 # Mediates the voltage-dependent sodium ion permeability of excitable membranes. Assuming opened or closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane, the protein forms a sodium-selective channel through which Na(+) ions may pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient.
SIZE: 2009 amino acids; 228972 Da
SUBUNIT: The sodium channel consists of a large polypeptide and 2- 3 smaller ones. This sequence represents a large polypeptide.
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
DOMAIN: SwissProt: P35498 The sequence contains 4 internal repeats, each with 5 hydrophobic segments (S1,S2,S3,S5,S6) and one positively charged segment (S4). Segments S4 are probably the voltage-sensors and are characterized by a series of positively charged amino acids at every third position.
DISEASE: SwissProt: P35498 # Defects in SCN1A are the cause of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus type 2 (GEFS+2) [MIM:604233]. This autosomal dominant disorder is characterized by febrile seizures in children and afebrile seizures in adults. Penetrance is incomplete and a large intrafamilial variability of the phenotype is observed. & Defects in SCN1A are a cause of severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy (SMEI) [MIM:607208]; also called Dravet syndrome. SMEI is a severe form of generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures. It is a rare disorder characterized by normal development before onset, seizures beginning in the first year of life in the form of generalized or unilateral febrile clonic seizures, secondary appearance of myoclonic seizures, and occasionally partial seizures. It is associated with ataxia, slowed psychomotor development, and mental decline. & Defects in SCN1A are the cause of familial hemiplegic migraine 3 (FHM3) [MIM:609634]. FHM3 is an autosomal dominant severe subtype of migraine with aura characterized by some degree of hemiparesis during the attacks. The episodes are associated with variable features of nausea, vomiting, photophobia and phonophobia. Age at onset ranges from 6 to 15 years. Some patients may manifest seizures during infancy. & Defects in SCN1A are the cause of familial febrile convulsions 3 (FEB3) [MIM:604403]; also known as familial febrile seizures 3. Febrile convulsions affect 5-12% of infants and children up to 6 years of age. There is epidemiological evidence that febrile seizures are associated with subsequent afebrile and unprovoked seizures in 2% to 7% of patients. Inheritance pattern is autosomal dominant.
SIMILARITY: Belongs to the sodium channel family. & Contains 1 IQ domain.