Pathway Tools

The extracellular membrane and matrix are the channels the cell uses to communicate with its environment and other cells. Malfunctions in these signaling pathways can result in any number of pathological processes like cancer, inflammation, diabetes, or neurological disease. A better understanding of these signaling events and their interactions could lead to new therapeutics to control those signals, and ultimately, the diseases their malfunction can cause.

A collection of tools to study these pathways including those for adhesion and structure, lipid signaling, MAPK and phosphotyrosine are explained in this chapter. Millipore is the cell signaling leader providing researchers with the Upstate line of cell signaling products. It is the most comprehensive and advanced offering in the market with thousands of antibodies and the world’s largest collection of kinases. Standout products include the Neurite Outgrowth Assay, the phosphotyrosine antibody 4G10® which is now available as Catch and Release® Phosphotyrosine (clone 4G10) for easier, cleaner immunoprecipitation, as well as the wide array of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins.

Extracellular Matrix (ECM)

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex structural entity that surrounds and supports the cells within living systems. In mammalian tissues the ECM is most commonly found in connective tissues such as tendon, cartilage, bone or dermis of the skin...
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Adhesion & Structure

Adhesion plays an integral role in cell communication and regulation, and is of fundamental importance in the development and maintenance of tissues...
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Endothelial Cell Adhesion Assay

The recruitment of leukocytes into inflammatory tissues is regulated by the interactionbetween blood cells and endothelial cells that is preceded by integrin-mediatedcell adhesion...
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Neurite Outgrowth Qualification Assay

Proper development and function of the nervous system requires differentiated neurons to extend neurite projections that give rise to dendrites and axons...
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Cell Pseudopodia Quantitation and Purification Assays

Pseudopodia assays are ideal for screening pharmacological agents that stimulate or inhibit pseudopodia formation, and therefore, impact cell chemotaxis...
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In Vitro Osteogenesis Assay

The cell line MC3T3-E1, available from ATCC, has become the standard in vitro model of osteogenesis and has found widespread use in studies examining many aspects and applications of osteogenesis...
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Osteogenesis Quantitation Kit

Screening candidate osteogenic compounds can be facilitated by using the Osteogenesis Quantitiation Assay Kit...
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Actin Cytoskeleton and Focal Adhesion Staining Kit

The actin cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network composed of actin polymers and a large variety of associated proteins...
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Other Signaling Pathways

Glycobiology is the study of the structure and function of sugar chains covalently attached to proteins and lipids...
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Phospholipases and PI 3-Kinase Activity

Phosphoglycerides are the starting point for the generation of several critical signaling second messengers produced by PI 3-Kinase and Phospholipase A, C or D (PLA, PLC or PLD)...
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MAPK

Millipore offers hundreds of premium quality antibodies, enzymes, siRNA and kits for MAPK signaling research. MAPK/Erks present great potential as targets for anticancer agents due to their role in cell division, migration and survival...
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4G10

4G10 Anti-Phosphotyrosine was originally developed in 1989 by one of the world’s leading cell signaling researchers, Dr. Brian Druker...
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Tools to Study Alzheimer's Disease

The most common cause of dementia in older people, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), claims over 20,000 lives each year, a number that is expected to explode in the next few decades as our population ages...
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CDK5

Millipore offers the most comprehensive research tools for cdk5 signaling, including gene knockdown tools, active kinases and antibodies...
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GSK-3

GSK-3, a key component in glycogen metabolism, has been heavily implicated in the incidence and progression of a number of diseases including diabetes, cancer and AD...
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