Selected targets of CREB1
Selected targets of CREB1
The cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 ( CREB1 ) is a nuclear proteinthat modulates the transcription of genes with cAMP responsive elements in theirpromoters. CREB1 activates transcription of target genes in response to a diversearray of stimuli, including peptide hormones, growth factors, and neuronal activity[1], [2]. Increase in either calcium or cAMP concentration cantrigger the phosphorylation and activation of CREB1.
CREB1 is critical for a variety of cellular processes, including proliferation,differentiation, and adaptive responses [2]. For example, CREB1activates transcription of some proteins that participate in developmental signaling,such as Transforming growth factor beta 3 ( TGF-beta 3 ) [3], SRY(sex determining region Y)-box 9 ( SOX9 ) [4], Sprouty homolog 2 (SPRY2 ) [5].
CREB1 is believed to be important for learning and memory, and to contribute toneuronal adaptation to drugs of abuse [1], [2]. This role isrealized via transcription regulation of Arginine vasopressin ( Neurophysin-II )[6], Proenkephalin ( Enkephalin A ) [7], Prepronociceptin( Nociceptin ) [8], Prodynorphin ( Dynorphin ) [9]and other types of regulatory proteins.
CREB1 participates in hormonal control of metabolic processes, includingregulation of gluconeogenesis by the hormones glucagon ( Proglucagon ) [10] and Insulin [11]. In addition, CREB1 stimulatestranscription of Islet amyloid polypeptide ( Amylin ) [12].
CREB1 participates in immunological and inflammatory signaling [13], [14], possibly via stimulation of Fc fragment of IgG low affinityIIa receptor ( Fc gamma RII alpha ) [15], Chemokine (C-C motif)receptor 5 ( CCR5 ) [16], Interleukin 13 ( IL-13 ) [17] expression.
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