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Coactivation of estrogen receptor beta by gonadotropin-induced cofactor GIOT-4.

Author	Madoka Kouzu-Fujita, Yoshihiro Mezaki, Shun Sawatsubashi, Takahiro Matsumoto, Ikuko Yamaoka, Tetsu Yano, Yuji Taketani, Hirochika Kitagawa, Shigeaki Kato, Madoka Kouzu-Fujita, Yoshihiro Mezaki, Shun Sawatsubashi, Takahiro Matsumoto, Ikuko Yamaoka, Tetsu Yano, Yuji Taketani, Hirochika Kitagawa, Shigeaki Kato, Madoka Kouzu-Fujita, Yoshihiro Mezaki, Shun Sawatsubashi, Takahiro Matsumoto, Ikuko Yamaoka, Tetsu Yano, Yuji Taketani, Hirochika Kitagawa, Shigeaki Kato, Madoka Kouzu-Fujita, Yoshihiro Mezaki, Shun Sawatsubashi, Takahiro Matsumoto, Ikuko Yamaoka, Tetsu Yano, Yuji Taketani, Hirochika Kitagawa, Shigeaki Kato, Madoka Kouzu-Fujita, Yoshihiro Mezaki, Shun Sawatsubashi, Takahiro Matsumoto, Ikuko Yamaoka, Tetsu Yano, Yuji Taketani, Hirochika Kitagawa, Shigeaki Kato
Citation Information	Molecular and cellular biology, 29:83-92 (2009)
Keywords	Animals, Cell Line, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases, Estrogen Receptor beta, Female, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Gonadotropins, Equine, Histones, Humans, Mice, Models, Biological, Organogenesis, Ovarian Follicle, Protein Binding, Protein Processing, Post-Translational, Response Elements, Signal Transduction, Transcription Factors, Transcription, Genetic
Related Products	06-866
Pub Med ID	18981223

Estrogen exerts its diverse effects through two subtypes of estrogen receptors (ER), ERalpha and ERbeta. Each subtype has its own distinct function and expression pattern in its target tissues. Little, however, is known about the transcriptional regulatory mechanism of ERbeta in the major ERbeta-expressing tissues. Using biochemical methods, we identified and described a novel ERbeta coactivator. This protein, designated GIOT-4, was biochemically purified from 293F cells. It coactivated ERbeta in ovarian granulosa cells. GIOT-4 expression was induced by stimulation with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). GIOT-4 recruited an SWI/SNF-type complex in a ligand-independent manner to ERbeta as an ER subtype-specific physical bridging factor and induced subsequent histone modifications in the ERbeta target gene promoters in a human ovarian granulosa cell line (KGN). Indeed, two ERbeta-specific target genes were upregulated by FSH at a specific stage of a normal ovulatory cycle in intact mice. These findings imply the presence of a novel regulatory convergence between the gonadotropin signaling cascade and ERbeta-mediated transcription in the ovary.